Since Mesopotamian seal culture established, a stamp-style seal had been created as seen in scarab seal from unique seal culture reflected by the region and country’s custom at the same time as a cylinder seal spread around Oriental countries.
After a cylinder seal became generalized in Oriental cultural area, button-style seal has still been inherited at limited area. Scarab seal was one of transformed button-style seal. But people who invented stamp-style seal as developed model of button-style seal was Hittite.
After downfall of Babylonia, the kingdom that tried to dominate the territory from northern syria to Anatolia was Hittites. It used to be temporarily the most powerful state in Orietal counties by introducing Chariot dragged behind by horses and fine arms made by excellent steel manufacturing technology.
Hittite had originally used sphenogram same as Mesopotamian until they invented their own unique writing. They momentarily used a cylinder seal to trade with Assyria that had invented Babylonia in order to seal up contractual clay tablet document for business in around 2000 B.C.
Originally a seal having used in Anatolia region was a stamp style seal engraved with a simple geometric pattern. Hittite invented and propagated unique portable seal with long vertical handle on its top in that region, which was the precursor stamp-type seal in the world.
This seal’s actual usage of a seal is for sealing the gate of a castle and stamping on a knot of strap that ties wooden box around when sending it to someone. When providing territorial area to a servant, it is said that King’s approved seal was stamped on the deed of conveyance. A seal face is engraved with other animals, bicephalic eagle was the feature design of Hittites seal.